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Norwood Junction railway station is a National Rail station in South Norwood of the London Borough of Croydon, south London and is in Travelcard Zone 4. The station is managed by London Overground and trains are operated by London Overground (since 23 May 2010) and Southern. ==History== The station has occupied two sites under three different names. === ''Jolly-sailor'' and ''Norwood'' stations === In 1839 the London and Croydon Railway opened Jolly-sailor station — "Jolly-sailor near Beulah Spa" on fares lists and timetables — at the north end of the High Street, adjacent to the Portland Road level crossing. From 1841 the lines through Norwood were used by the London and Brighton Railway and from 1842 the South Eastern Railway, but neither of these companies used the station. In 1844 the L&CR was given parliamentary authority to test an experimental atmospheric railway system on the railway. A pumping station was built on Portland Road to create a vacuum in a continuous pipe located centrally between the rails. A piston extended downwards from the trains into a slit in the pipe, with trains blown towards the pumping station by atmospheric pressure. The pumping station was in a Gothic style, with a very tall ornate tower that served both as a chimney and as an exhaust vent for air pumped from the propulsion tube. As part of the works for the atmospheric system, the world's first railway flyover was constructed beyond the south end of the station to carry the atmospheric line over the conventional London & Brighton Railway steam line. At the same time the level crossing at Portland Road was replaced by a low bridge across the road. In July 1846 the L&CR merged with the L&BR to form the London Brighton and South Coast Railway,〔( London Brighton and South Coast Railway )〕 and the station was renamed Norwood in the same year - it became Norwood Junction by 1856. The LB&SCR abandoned atmospheric propulsion in 1847 but the flyover remained in use〔( A Study in Sussex Part 7: East Croydon )〕 as part of what is sometimes known as Windmill Bridge Junction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Norwood Junction railway station」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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